Epinions Social Network (Signed)
A Epinions.com (consumer review platform) dataset of 131,828 users and 841,372 directed signed edges (717,667 trust, 123,705 distrust), collected by Richardson et al. via Epinions.com crawl, distributed by SNAP. Each record contains directed signed edges between users: +1 indicates explicit trust, -1 indicates explicit distrust, capturing both positive and negative social relationships. one of the largest publicly available signed social networks, with explicit user-declared trust and distrust labels rather than inferred sentiment — making it ideal for signed graph algorithm benchmarking. Suitable for signed network analysis, trust propagation, link sign prediction, community detection in signed graphs, and balance theory validation.
Cite this dataset at
epinions-signed.echo.directory
Analytics
The full graph has 131,828 nodes; this view shows the 1,000-node sample the pipeline drew for display. Node size is centrality, colour is community.
Computed over the full corpus.
Record
- Catalog key
epinions-signed- Authors
- Richardson, Matthew; Agrawal, Rakesh; Domingos, Pedro
- Year
- 2003
- Source paper
- Trust Management for the Semantic Web
- DOI / arXiv
- 10.1007/978-3-540-39718-2_23
- License
- Unknown — SNAP public research dataset
- Records
- 131,828
- Nodes
- 131,828
- Edges
- 841,372 (directed)
- Nodes are
- user
- Edges are
- signed trust
- Attributes
- nodes have no attributes; edges have attributes
- Languages
- en
- Collected
- 2003 (2000s)
- Tasks
- Edge sign prediction (binary;
sign) inferred
From the graph: link prediction, community detection - Region
- Global (inferred: the platform is used worldwide)
Provenance
- Originally published at
- https://snap.stanford.edu/data/soc-sign-epinions.html link checked
- Hosted copy
- Mirrored on echo.directory on 2026-10-02, 10.7 MB across 1 files. Checksums in MANIFEST.json.
Citations
Trust Management for the Semantic Web
Matthew Richardson, R. Agrawal, Pedro M. Domingos
Journal Article · International Workshop on the Semantic Web · 2003
Cited by
- Vital nodes identification in complex networks
Lin-Yuan Lu, Duanbing Chen et al. · arXiv.org · 2016 · cited 1.2K× - A survey of trust in social networks
W. Sherchan, S. Nepal et al. · CSUR · 2013 · cited 683× - Named graphs, provenance and trust
J. Carroll, Christian Bizer et al. · The Web Conference · 2005 · cited 642× - Hierarchical block structures and high-resolution model selection in large networks
Tiago P. Peixoto · arXiv.org · 2013 · cited 446× - Controlling edge dynamics in complex networks
T. Nepusz, T. Vicsek · Nature Physics · 2011 · cited 431×
Show all 10
- Trust and nuanced profile similarity in online social networks
Jennifer Golbeck · TWEB · 2009 · cited 414× - Control Profiles of Complex Networks
Justin Ruths, D. Ruths · Science · 2014 · cited 392× - A Framework for Web Science
Tim Berners-Lee, W. Hall et al. · Foundations and Trends® in Web Science · 2006 · cited 370× - A Survey of Signed Network Mining in Social Media
Ji-Liang Tang, Yi Chang et al. · ACM Computing Surveys · 2015 · cited 368× - TrustGuard: countering vulnerabilities in reputation management for decentralized overlay networks
M. Srivatsa, Li Xiong et al. · The Web Conference · 2005 · cited 360×
Citation data from Semantic Scholar, retrieved 2026-10-19.
How to cite
BibTeX
@misc{echo2026,
title = {ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online},
author = {Switzer, Braden and Zafarani, Reza},
year = {2026},
url = {https://echo.directory},
note = {Syracuse University}
}
@inproceedings{richardson2003trust,
author = {Richardson, Matthew and Agrawal, Rakesh and Domingos, Pedro},
title = {Trust Management for the Semantic Web},
booktitle = {The Semantic Web - ISWC 2003},
year = {2003},
publisher = {Springer},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-540-39718-2_23}
} APA
Switzer, B., & Zafarani, R. (2026). ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online [Data repository]. Syracuse University. https://echo.directory
Richardson, M., Agrawal, R., & Domingos, P. (2003). Epinions Social Network (Signed) [Data set]. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39718-2_23
MLA
Switzer, Braden, and Reza Zafarani. ECHO: Exploratory Compendium of Humanity Online. Syracuse University, 2026, echo.directory.
Richardson, Matthew, et al. Epinions Social Network (Signed). 2003, doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39718-2_23.